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Metal > Boron > Boron NitrideBoron nitride is a binary chemical compound, consisting of equal proportions of boron and nitrogen, with formula BN. Structurally, it is isoelectronic to carbon and takes on similar physical forms: a hexagonal, graphite-like one, and a cubic, diamond-like one. Cubic boron nitride is one of the hardest materials known, behind only diamond and ultrahard fullerite. It is widely used for grinding and as a material for tools in industry. This is in part because it does not dissolve into iron, nickel, and related alloys at high temperatures like diamond does. Hexagonal boron nitride finds use as a high-temperature lubricant where the electrical conductivity or reactivity of graphite would be problematic. Boron nitride can also be synthesized in forms analogous to carbon fullerenes and nanotubes. BN nanotubes are a new important nanostructure mostly due to their homogeneous electronic behavior: tubes of different chiralities are all semiconductors with almost the same band gap.
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